# Copyright 2015 The TensorFlow Authors. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""Takes a generator of values, and accumulates them for a frontend."""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import collections
import threading

import six
import tensorflow as tf

from tensorboard import data_compat
from tensorboard.backend.event_processing import directory_watcher
from tensorboard.backend.event_processing import event_file_loader
from tensorboard.backend.event_processing import io_wrapper
from tensorboard.backend.event_processing import plugin_asset_util
from tensorboard.backend.event_processing import reservoir

namedtuple = collections.namedtuple

TensorEvent = namedtuple('TensorEvent', ['wall_time', 'step', 'tensor_proto'])

## Different types of summary events handled by the event_accumulator
SUMMARY_TYPES = {
    'tensor': '_ProcessTensor',
}

## The tagTypes below are just arbitrary strings chosen to pass the type
## information of the tag from the backend to the frontend
TENSORS = 'tensors'
GRAPH = 'graph'
META_GRAPH = 'meta_graph'
RUN_METADATA = 'run_metadata'

DEFAULT_SIZE_GUIDANCE = {
    TENSORS: 500,
}

STORE_EVERYTHING_SIZE_GUIDANCE = {
    TENSORS: 0,
}

_TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY = "."  # arbitrary


class EventAccumulator(object):
  """An `EventAccumulator` takes an event generator, and accumulates the values.

  The `EventAccumulator` is intended to provide a convenient Python
  interface for loading Event data written during a TensorFlow run.
  TensorFlow writes out `Event` protobuf objects, which have a timestamp
  and step number, and often contain a `Summary`. Summaries can have
  different kinds of data stored as arbitrary tensors. The Summaries
  also have a tag, which we use to organize logically related data. The
  `EventAccumulator` supports retrieving the `Event` and `Summary` data
  by its tag.

  Calling `Tags()` gets a map from `tagType` (i.e., `tensors`) to the
  associated tags for those data types. Then, the functional endpoint
  (i.g., `Accumulator.Tensors(tag)`) allows for the retrieval of all
  data associated with that tag.

  The `Reload()` method synchronously loads all of the data written so far.

  Fields:
    most_recent_step: Step of last Event proto added. This should only
        be accessed from the thread that calls Reload. This is -1 if
        nothing has been loaded yet.
    most_recent_wall_time: Timestamp of last Event proto added. This is
        a float containing seconds from the UNIX epoch, or -1 if
        nothing has been loaded yet. This should only be accessed from
        the thread that calls Reload.
    path: A file path to a directory containing tf events files, or a single
        tf events file. The accumulator will load events from this path.
    tensors_by_tag: A dictionary mapping each tag name to a
      reservoir.Reservoir of tensor summaries. Each such reservoir will
      only use a single key, given by `_TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY`.

  @@Tensors
  """

  def __init__(self,
               path,
               size_guidance=None,
               tensor_size_guidance=None,
               purge_orphaned_data=True):
    """Construct the `EventAccumulator`.

    Args:
      path: A file path to a directory containing tf events files, or a single
        tf events file. The accumulator will load events from this path.
      size_guidance: Information on how much data the EventAccumulator should
        store in memory. The DEFAULT_SIZE_GUIDANCE tries not to store too much
        so as to avoid OOMing the client. The size_guidance should be a map
        from a `tagType` string to an integer representing the number of
        items to keep per tag for items of that `tagType`. If the size is 0,
        all events are stored.
      tensor_size_guidance: Like `size_guidance`, but allowing finer
        granularity for tensor summaries. Should be a map from the
        `plugin_name` field on the `PluginData` proto to an integer
        representing the number of items to keep per tag. Plugins for
        which there is no entry in this map will default to the value of
        `size_guidance[event_accumulator.TENSORS]`. Defaults to `{}`.
      purge_orphaned_data: Whether to discard any events that were "orphaned" by
        a TensorFlow restart.
    """
    size_guidance = dict(size_guidance or DEFAULT_SIZE_GUIDANCE)
    sizes = {}
    for key in DEFAULT_SIZE_GUIDANCE:
      if key in size_guidance:
        sizes[key] = size_guidance[key]
      else:
        sizes[key] = DEFAULT_SIZE_GUIDANCE[key]
    self._size_guidance = size_guidance
    self._tensor_size_guidance = dict(tensor_size_guidance or {})

    self._first_event_timestamp = None

    self._graph = None
    self._graph_from_metagraph = False
    self._meta_graph = None
    self._tagged_metadata = {}
    self.summary_metadata = {}
    self.tensors_by_tag = {}
    self._tensors_by_tag_lock = threading.Lock()

    # Keep a mapping from plugin name to a dict mapping from tag to plugin data
    # content obtained from the SummaryMetadata (metadata field of Value) for
    # that plugin (This is not the entire SummaryMetadata proto - only the
    # content for that plugin). The SummaryWriter only keeps the content on the
    # first event encountered per tag, so we must store that first instance of
    # content for each tag.
    self._plugin_to_tag_to_content = collections.defaultdict(dict)

    self._generator_mutex = threading.Lock()
    self.path = path
    self._generator = _GeneratorFromPath(path)

    self.purge_orphaned_data = purge_orphaned_data

    self.most_recent_step = -1
    self.most_recent_wall_time = -1
    self.file_version = None

  def Reload(self):
    """Loads all events added since the last call to `Reload`.

    If `Reload` was never called, loads all events in the file.

    Returns:
      The `EventAccumulator`.
    """
    with self._generator_mutex:
      for event in self._generator.Load():
        self._ProcessEvent(event)
    return self

  def PluginAssets(self, plugin_name):
    """Return a list of all plugin assets for the given plugin.

    Args:
      plugin_name: The string name of a plugin to retrieve assets for.

    Returns:
      A list of string plugin asset names, or empty list if none are available.
      If the plugin was not registered, an empty list is returned.
    """
    return plugin_asset_util.ListAssets(self.path, plugin_name)

  def RetrievePluginAsset(self, plugin_name, asset_name):
    """Return the contents of a given plugin asset.

    Args:
      plugin_name: The string name of a plugin.
      asset_name: The string name of an asset.

    Returns:
      The string contents of the plugin asset.

    Raises:
      KeyError: If the asset is not available.
    """
    return plugin_asset_util.RetrieveAsset(self.path, plugin_name, asset_name)

  def FirstEventTimestamp(self):
    """Returns the timestamp in seconds of the first event.

    If the first event has been loaded (either by this method or by `Reload`,
    this returns immediately. Otherwise, it will load in the first event. Note
    that this means that calling `Reload` will cause this to block until
    `Reload` has finished.

    Returns:
      The timestamp in seconds of the first event that was loaded.

    Raises:
      ValueError: If no events have been loaded and there were no events found
      on disk.
    """
    if self._first_event_timestamp is not None:
      return self._first_event_timestamp
    with self._generator_mutex:
      try:
        event = next(self._generator.Load())
        self._ProcessEvent(event)
        return self._first_event_timestamp

      except StopIteration:
        raise ValueError('No event timestamp could be found')

  def PluginTagToContent(self, plugin_name):
    """Returns a dict mapping tags to content specific to that plugin.

    Args:
      plugin_name: The name of the plugin for which to fetch plugin-specific
        content.

    Raises:
      KeyError: if the plugin name is not found.

    Returns:
      A dict mapping tags to plugin-specific content (which are always strings).
      Those strings are often serialized protos.
    """
    if plugin_name not in self._plugin_to_tag_to_content:
      raise KeyError('Plugin %r could not be found.' % plugin_name)
    return self._plugin_to_tag_to_content[plugin_name]

  def SummaryMetadata(self, tag):
    """Given a summary tag name, return the associated metadata object.

    Args:
      tag: The name of a tag, as a string.

    Raises:
      KeyError: If the tag is not found.

    Returns:
      A `SummaryMetadata` protobuf.
    """
    return self.summary_metadata[tag]

  def _ProcessEvent(self, event):
    """Called whenever an event is loaded."""
    if self._first_event_timestamp is None:
      self._first_event_timestamp = event.wall_time

    if event.HasField('file_version'):
      new_file_version = _ParseFileVersion(event.file_version)
      if self.file_version and self.file_version != new_file_version:
        ## This should not happen.
        tf.logging.warn(('Found new file_version for event.proto. This will '
                         'affect purging logic for TensorFlow restarts. '
                         'Old: {0} New: {1}').format(self.file_version,
                                                     new_file_version))
      self.file_version = new_file_version

    self._MaybePurgeOrphanedData(event)

    ## Process the event.
    # GraphDef and MetaGraphDef are handled in a special way:
    # If no graph_def Event is available, but a meta_graph_def is, and it
    # contains a graph_def, then use the meta_graph_def.graph_def as our graph.
    # If a graph_def Event is available, always prefer it to the graph_def
    # inside the meta_graph_def.
    if event.HasField('graph_def'):
      if self._graph is not None:
        tf.logging.warn(
            ('Found more than one graph event per run, or there was '
             'a metagraph containing a graph_def, as well as one or '
             'more graph events.  Overwriting the graph with the '
             'newest event.'))
      self._graph = event.graph_def
      self._graph_from_metagraph = False
    elif event.HasField('meta_graph_def'):
      if self._meta_graph is not None:
        tf.logging.warn(('Found more than one metagraph event per run. '
                         'Overwriting the metagraph with the newest event.'))
      self._meta_graph = event.meta_graph_def
      if self._graph is None or self._graph_from_metagraph:
        # We may have a graph_def in the metagraph.  If so, and no
        # graph_def is directly available, use this one instead.
        meta_graph = tf.MetaGraphDef()
        meta_graph.ParseFromString(self._meta_graph)
        if meta_graph.graph_def:
          if self._graph is not None:
            tf.logging.warn(
                ('Found multiple metagraphs containing graph_defs,'
                 'but did not find any graph events.  Overwriting the '
                 'graph with the newest metagraph version.'))
          self._graph_from_metagraph = True
          self._graph = meta_graph.graph_def.SerializeToString()
    elif event.HasField('tagged_run_metadata'):
      tag = event.tagged_run_metadata.tag
      if tag in self._tagged_metadata:
        tf.logging.warn('Found more than one "run metadata" event with tag ' +
                        tag + '. Overwriting it with the newest event.')
      self._tagged_metadata[tag] = event.tagged_run_metadata.run_metadata
    elif event.HasField('summary'):
      for value in event.summary.value:
        value = data_compat.migrate_value(value)

        if value.HasField('metadata'):
          tag = value.tag
          # We only store the first instance of the metadata. This check
          # is important: the `FileWriter` does strip metadata from all
          # values except the first one per each tag, but a new
          # `FileWriter` is created every time a training job stops and
          # restarts. Hence, we must also ignore non-initial metadata in
          # this logic.
          if tag not in self.summary_metadata:
            self.summary_metadata[tag] = value.metadata
            plugin_data = value.metadata.plugin_data
            if plugin_data.plugin_name:
              self._plugin_to_tag_to_content[plugin_data.plugin_name][tag] = (
                  plugin_data.content)
            else:
              tf.logging.warn(
                  ('This summary with tag %r is oddly not associated with a '
                   'plugin.'), tag)

        for summary_type, summary_func in SUMMARY_TYPES.items():
          if value.HasField(summary_type):
            datum = getattr(value, summary_type)
            tag = value.tag
            if summary_type == 'tensor' and not tag:
              # This tensor summary was created using the old method that used
              # plugin assets. We must still continue to support it.
              tag = value.node_name
            getattr(self, summary_func)(tag, event.wall_time, event.step, datum)

  def Tags(self):
    """Return all tags found in the value stream.

    Returns:
      A `{tagType: ['list', 'of', 'tags']}` dictionary.
    """
    return {
        TENSORS: list(self.tensors_by_tag.keys()),
        # Use a heuristic: if the metagraph is available, but
        # graph is not, then we assume the metagraph contains the graph.
        GRAPH: self._graph is not None,
        META_GRAPH: self._meta_graph is not None,
        RUN_METADATA: list(self._tagged_metadata.keys())
    }

  def Graph(self):
    """Return the graph definition, if there is one.

    If the graph is stored directly, return that.  If no graph is stored
    directly but a metagraph is stored containing a graph, return that.

    Raises:
      ValueError: If there is no graph for this run.

    Returns:
      The `graph_def` proto.
    """
    graph = tf.GraphDef()
    if self._graph is not None:
      graph.ParseFromString(self._graph)
      return graph
    raise ValueError('There is no graph in this EventAccumulator')

  def MetaGraph(self):
    """Return the metagraph definition, if there is one.

    Raises:
      ValueError: If there is no metagraph for this run.

    Returns:
      The `meta_graph_def` proto.
    """
    if self._meta_graph is None:
      raise ValueError('There is no metagraph in this EventAccumulator')
    meta_graph = tf.MetaGraphDef()
    meta_graph.ParseFromString(self._meta_graph)
    return meta_graph

  def RunMetadata(self, tag):
    """Given a tag, return the associated session.run() metadata.

    Args:
      tag: A string tag associated with the event.

    Raises:
      ValueError: If the tag is not found.

    Returns:
      The metadata in form of `RunMetadata` proto.
    """
    if tag not in self._tagged_metadata:
      raise ValueError('There is no run metadata with this tag name')

    run_metadata = tf.RunMetadata()
    run_metadata.ParseFromString(self._tagged_metadata[tag])
    return run_metadata

  def Tensors(self, tag):
    """Given a summary tag, return all associated tensors.

    Args:
      tag: A string tag associated with the events.

    Raises:
      KeyError: If the tag is not found.

    Returns:
      An array of `TensorEvent`s.
    """
    return self.tensors_by_tag[tag].Items(_TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY)

  def _MaybePurgeOrphanedData(self, event):
    """Maybe purge orphaned data due to a TensorFlow crash.

    When TensorFlow crashes at step T+O and restarts at step T, any events
    written after step T are now "orphaned" and will be at best misleading if
    they are included in TensorBoard.

    This logic attempts to determine if there is orphaned data, and purge it
    if it is found.

    Args:
      event: The event to use as a reference, to determine if a purge is needed.
    """
    if not self.purge_orphaned_data:
      return
    ## Check if the event happened after a crash, and purge expired tags.
    if self.file_version and self.file_version >= 2:
      ## If the file_version is recent enough, use the SessionLog enum
      ## to check for restarts.
      self._CheckForRestartAndMaybePurge(event)
    else:
      ## If there is no file version, default to old logic of checking for
      ## out of order steps.
      self._CheckForOutOfOrderStepAndMaybePurge(event)
    # After checking, update the most recent summary step and wall time.
    if event.HasField('summary'):
      self.most_recent_step = event.step
      self.most_recent_wall_time = event.wall_time

  def _CheckForRestartAndMaybePurge(self, event):
    """Check and discard expired events using SessionLog.START.

    Check for a SessionLog.START event and purge all previously seen events
    with larger steps, because they are out of date. Because of supervisor
    threading, it is possible that this logic will cause the first few event
    messages to be discarded since supervisor threading does not guarantee
    that the START message is deterministically written first.

    This method is preferred over _CheckForOutOfOrderStepAndMaybePurge which
    can inadvertently discard events due to supervisor threading.

    Args:
      event: The event to use as reference. If the event is a START event, all
        previously seen events with a greater event.step will be purged.
    """
    if event.HasField(
        'session_log') and event.session_log.status == tf.SessionLog.START:
      self._Purge(event, by_tags=False)

  def _CheckForOutOfOrderStepAndMaybePurge(self, event):
    """Check for out-of-order event.step and discard expired events for tags.

    Check if the event is out of order relative to the global most recent step.
    If it is, purge outdated summaries for tags that the event contains.

    Args:
      event: The event to use as reference. If the event is out-of-order, all
        events with the same tags, but with a greater event.step will be purged.
    """
    if event.step < self.most_recent_step and event.HasField('summary'):
      self._Purge(event, by_tags=True)

  def _ProcessTensor(self, tag, wall_time, step, tensor):
    tv = TensorEvent(wall_time=wall_time, step=step, tensor_proto=tensor)
    with self._tensors_by_tag_lock:
      if tag not in self.tensors_by_tag:
        reservoir_size = self._GetTensorReservoirSize(tag)
        self.tensors_by_tag[tag] = reservoir.Reservoir(reservoir_size)
    self.tensors_by_tag[tag].AddItem(_TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY, tv)

  def _GetTensorReservoirSize(self, tag):
    default = self._size_guidance[TENSORS]
    summary_metadata = self.summary_metadata.get(tag)
    if summary_metadata is None:
      return default
    return self._tensor_size_guidance.get(
        summary_metadata.plugin_data.plugin_name, default)

  def _Purge(self, event, by_tags):
    """Purge all events that have occurred after the given event.step.

    If by_tags is True, purge all events that occurred after the given
    event.step, but only for the tags that the event has. Non-sequential
    event.steps suggest that a TensorFlow restart occurred, and we discard
    the out-of-order events to display a consistent view in TensorBoard.

    Discarding by tags is the safer method, when we are unsure whether a restart
    has occurred, given that threading in supervisor can cause events of
    different tags to arrive with unsynchronized step values.

    If by_tags is False, then purge all events with event.step greater than the
    given event.step. This can be used when we are certain that a TensorFlow
    restart has occurred and these events can be discarded.

    Args:
      event: The event to use as reference for the purge. All events with
        the same tags, but with a greater event.step will be purged.
      by_tags: Bool to dictate whether to discard all out-of-order events or
        only those that are associated with the given reference event.
    """
    ## Keep data in reservoirs that has a step less than event.step
    _NotExpired = lambda x: x.step < event.step

    num_expired = 0
    if by_tags:
      for value in event.summary.value:
        if value.tag in self.tensors_by_tag:
          tag_reservoir = self.tensors_by_tag[value.tag]
          num_expired += tag_reservoir.FilterItems(
              _NotExpired, _TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY)
    else:
      for tag_reservoir in six.itervalues(self.tensors_by_tag):
        num_expired += tag_reservoir.FilterItems(
            _NotExpired, _TENSOR_RESERVOIR_KEY)
    if num_expired > 0:
      purge_msg = _GetPurgeMessage(self.most_recent_step,
                                   self.most_recent_wall_time, event.step,
                                   event.wall_time, num_expired)
      tf.logging.warn(purge_msg)


def _GetPurgeMessage(most_recent_step, most_recent_wall_time, event_step,
                     event_wall_time, num_expired):
  """Return the string message associated with TensorBoard purges."""
  return ('Detected out of order event.step likely caused by a TensorFlow '
          'restart. Purging {} expired tensor events from Tensorboard display '
          'between the previous step: {} (timestamp: {}) and current step: {} '
          '(timestamp: {}).'
         ).format(num_expired, most_recent_step, most_recent_wall_time,
                  event_step, event_wall_time)


def _GeneratorFromPath(path):
  """Create an event generator for file or directory at given path string."""
  if not path:
    raise ValueError('path must be a valid string')
  if io_wrapper.IsTensorFlowEventsFile(path):
    return event_file_loader.EventFileLoader(path)
  else:
    return directory_watcher.DirectoryWatcher(
        path,
        event_file_loader.EventFileLoader,
        io_wrapper.IsTensorFlowEventsFile)


def _ParseFileVersion(file_version):
  """Convert the string file_version in event.proto into a float.

  Args:
    file_version: String file_version from event.proto

  Returns:
    Version number as a float.
  """
  tokens = file_version.split('brain.Event:')
  try:
    return float(tokens[-1])
  except ValueError:
    ## This should never happen according to the definition of file_version
    ## specified in event.proto.
    tf.logging.warn(
        ('Invalid event.proto file_version. Defaulting to use of '
         'out-of-order event.step logic for purging expired events.'))
    return -1
